Maimoatanga Phosphating Pickling
He aha te whakapūkara phosphating
He tukanga tēnei mō te maimoatanga mata whakarewa, ko te whakapūkara he whakamahinga o te waikawa kukū hei horoi i te whakarewa hei tango i te waikura mata. Ko te whakapūkara he whakamakuku i te whakarewa kua horoia ki te waikawa ki te wai whakapūkara hei hanga i tētahi kiriata waikura ki runga i te mata, ka taea te ārai i te waikura me te whakapai ake i te piri o te peita hei whakarite mō te taahiraa e whai ake nei.
Ko te tango waikura me te kiri te tikanga e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te ao ahumahi. Ko te kaupapa o te tango waikura me te kiri ka tutuki mā te tango ā-ringa i te hauwai i puta mai i te waikura me te waikura i roto i te waikawa. Ko ngā mea e whakamahia whānuitia ana i roto i te tango waikura ko te waikawa hauwaiora, te waikawa whanariki me te waikawa phosphoric. Kāore i te maha te whakamahi i te waikawa hauota nā te mea ka puta he hau hauota hauhā paitini i te wā e tango waikura ana. He pai te tango waikura waikawa hauwaiora mō te whakamahi i ngā pāmahana iti, kaua e neke ake i te 45℃, me whakamahi i te kukū o te 10% ki te 45%, me tāpiri hoki he nui tika o te aukati kohu waikawa. He tino puhoi te tere tango waikura waikawa whanariki i te pāmahana iti, me whakamahi i te pāmahana reo, i te pāmahana o te 50 ~ 80℃, me whakamahi i te kukū o te 10% ~ 25%. Ko te painga o te whakapūkara waikawa phosphoric, kāore e puta he toenga waikura (he iti iho rānei, ka nui ake te toenga Cl-, SO42- i muri i te whakapūkara waikawa hydrochloric me te waikawa whanariki), he mea haumaru noa iho, engari ko te ngoikoretanga o te waikawa phosphoric he nui ake te utu, he puhoi te tere o te whakapūkara, ko te kukū whakamahinga whānui o te 10% ki te 40%, ā, ko te pāmahana maimoatanga ka taea te pāmahana noa ki te 80℃. I roto i te tukanga whakapūkara, he tikanga tino whai hua hoki te whakamahi i ngā waikawa whakauru, pērā i te waikawa whakauru waikawa hydrochloric-whanariki, te waikawa whakauru waikawa phospho-citric. Me tāpiri he nui e tika ana o te aukati waikura ki te otinga tank whakapūkara, tango waikura me te tango waikura. He maha ngā momo aukati waikura, ā, he ngāwari te whiriwhiri, ko tana mahi he aukati i te waikura whakarewa me te aukati i te "whakangote hauwai". Heoi, i te wā e whakapūkara ana i ngā wahi mahi e pāngia ana e te "hauwai pakarukaru", me tino tupato te whiriwhiri i ngā aukati waikura, nā te mea ka aukati ētahi aukati waikura i te tauhohenga o ngā ngota hauwai e rua ki roto i ngā ngota hauwai, arā: 2[H]→H2↑, kia piki ake ai te kukū o ngā ngota hauwai i runga i te mata o te konganuku, ka whakanui ake i te ia o te "hauwai pakarukaru". Nō reira, me tirotiro te pukapuka raraunga waikura, me mahi rānei i tētahi whakamātautau "hauwai pakarukaru" hei karo i te whakamahinga o ngā aukati waikura kino.
Te whanaketanga o te hangarau horoi ahumahi - te horoi laser matomato
Ko te hangarau horoi taiaho e kīia nei ko te whakamahinga o te hihi taiaho kaha nui hei whakamārama i te mata o te mea mahi, kia mimiti tere ai, kia tangohia rānei te paru, te waikura, te paninga rānei i te mata, kia tere, kia whai hua hoki te tango i te whakapiringa o te mata o te mea, te paninga mata rānei, kia tutuki ai he tukanga ma. He hangarau hou tēnei e hangai ana ki te pānga taunekeneke o te taiaho me te matū, ā, he mārama ngā painga ki ngā tikanga horoi tuku iho pērā i te horoi mīhini, te horoi waikura matū, te horoi kaha pānga wai totoka, te horoi ultrasonic auau teitei. He whai hua, he tere, he iti te utu, he iti te kawenga wera me te kawenga mīhini ki runga i te papa, ā, kāore e kino mō te horoi; Ka taea te hangarua i ngā para, kāore he poke taiao, he haumaru, he pono hoki, kāore e kino ki te hauora o te kaiwhakahaere, ka taea te tango i ngā momo matotoru rerekē, he ngāwari te whakatutuki i ngā wāhanga rerekē o te tukanga horoi taumata paninga ki te whakahaere aunoa, te horoi mamao me ētahi atu.
Mā te hangarau horoi taiaho matomato, kore-parahanga ka ea katoa te whakahē mō te parahanga taiao e pā ana ki te hangarau maimoatanga phosphate pickling. I puta mai te hangarau tiaki taiao me te hangarau horoi matomato - "horoi taiaho" - ā, i ara ake i te tai. Nā tōna rangahau, whanaketanga me te whakamahinga i ārahi te panoni hou o te tauira horoi ahumahi, ā, ka kawea mai he tirohanga hou ki te umanga maimoatanga mata o te ao.